Jerusalem Chronology
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Jerusalem Chronology
| Date | Controlling Faction(s) | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1005 BCE | Jewish | City of Jerusalem taken by the Jews under King David |
| 973 BCE | Jewish | First Temple built by King Solomon |
| 587-6 BCE | Jewish | Jerusalem conquered by the Babylonians; Temple destroyed |
| 538 BCE | Jewish | Jews allowed to rebuild the Temple by the Persians |
| 331 BCE | Jewish | Jerusalem conquered by the Greeks under Alexander the Great |
| 168 BCE | Jewish | Second Temple desecrated by Greek king |
| 167 BCE | Jewish | Jewish revolt against Greek rule Judah the Macabbee |
| 64 BCE | Jewish | Romans take over Jerusalem |
| 20 BCE | Jewish | King Herod the Great begins to rebuild Temple again |
| 29 CE | Christian | Jesus preaches and dies in Jerusalem; beginning of Christianity |
| 70 CE | Jewish | The Romans destroyed the 2nd Temple |
| 73 CE | Jewish | Fall of Massada |
| 637 CE | Christian & Muslim | Muslims take Jerusalem, but are tolerant toward Christians; allow them to keep part of the city |
| 1099 CE | Christian | The First Crusade is successful in taking Jerusalem from the Moslems;Crusaders establish the Kingdom of Jerusalem |
| 1187 CE | Muslim | Jerusalem taken from the Christians by the Egyptian Saladin |
| 1860 | Turkish Moslem | First Jewish neighborhood outside the walls of the Old City |
| 1917 | British | British conquer Jerusalem from the Ottoman Turks |
| 1948 | Jewish | The State of Israel is declared |
| 1967 | Jewish | Israel conquers the Old City |
| 2007 | Jewish | The city celebrates 40 years |
BIBLICAL PERIOD
2000 BCE Patriarchs and Matriarchs: settlement of the Land of Israel
1250 BCE Moses, desert wanderings; receiving the Torah at Mount Sinai; conquest of Land of Israel by Joshua; rule by Judges
1st TEMPLE PERIOD
1000 BCE Jerusalem becomes King David’s capital; Solomon builds First Temple; division of kingdom into Israel and Judah
586 BCE Destruction of First Temple; Babylonian Exile
2ND TEMPLE PERIOD
Return to Zion; Ezra and Nechemia; construction of Second Temple
332 BCE Jerusalem comes under Greek domination
166 BCE Maccabean Revolt; restoration of Jewish autonomy;
Hasmonean Empire
63 BCE Roman invasion of Israel [Kingdom of Herod; Hillel and Shammai leaders of rabbinic thought]
70 CE Destruction of Jerusalem and Second Temple
EXILE AND DIASPORA (Beginning of rabbinic period)
73 CE Destruction of Masada
132 CE Bar Kochba Revolt; compilation of Mishna by Rabbi Yehuda
Hanassi
324 CE Talmudic period; decline of Israel as Jewish center; rise of Jewish academies in Babylonia
638 CE Arab conquest of Jerusalem; construction of the Dome of the Rock and Al Aksa mosques; renewal of Jewish settling
1100 CE Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem (1099); in France, Rashi writes commentary on the Bible; Ramban’s settlement marks return of Jews to Jerusalem and worship at the
Western Wall (1267)
1492 CE Jews expelled from Spain
1517 CE Ottoman Empire rules Jerusalem; Sephardic synagogues established; Shulchan Aruch published in Zfat
1789 CE Napoleon In Eretz Yisrael
1860 CE Yemin Moshe was founded as first settlement outside Old City walls
1880 CE Pogroms in Russia; Dreyfus trial; Theodore Herzl; First Aliyah; First Zionist Congress; Tel Aviv founded
1917 CE British Mandate in Palestine; Jewish population increases; rise of Arab nationalism
1938 CE Kristallnacht; British White paper restricts Jewish immigration to Palestine; beginning of Holocaust
MODERN STATE OF ISRAEL
1947 CE Partition Plan
1948 CE State of Israel proclaimed; War of Independence; beginning of waves of immigration from Europe, Yemen and Iraq
1967 CE Six Day War; reunification of Jerusalem
In the last 30 years, we have seen the Yom Kippur war and the War in Lebanon, peace agreements with Egypt, Jordan and the Palestinians, terrorist attacks, the assassination of Prime Minister Yitzchak Rabin. You will learn about these events on your trip. Which of these might appear on the timeline 500 years from now?
